“(C) is or contains a substance that has a chemical structure that is substantially similar to the chemical structure of an active ingredient in a drug or biological product described in subparagraph (A) or (B).

“(3) EFFECT.—Except to the extent that an article may be treated as a drug pursuant to paragraph (2), this subsection shall not be construed as bearing on or being relevant to the question of whether any article is a drug as defined in section 201(g).”.

(b) Articles of concern.—

(1) DELIVERY BY TREASURY TO HHS.—The first sentence of section 801(a) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 381(a)) is amended by striking “and cosmetics” and inserting “cosmetics, and potential articles of concern (as defined in subsection (u))”.

(2) REFUSED ADMISSION.—The third sentence of section 801(a) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 381(a)) is amended by striking “then such article shall be refused admission” and inserting “or (5) such article is an article of concern (as defined in subsection (u)), or (6) such article is a drug that is being imported or offered for import in violation of section 301(cc), then such article shall be refused admission”.

(3) DEFINITION OF ARTICLE OF CONCERN.—Section 801 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 381), as amended, is further amended by adding at the end the following:

“(u) Article of concern defined.—For purposes of subsection (a), the term ‘article of concern’ means an article that is or contains a drug or other substance—

“(1) for which, during the 24-month period prior to the article being imported or offered for import, the Secretary of Health and Human Services—

“(A) has requested that, based on a determination that the drug or other substance appears to meet the requirements for temporary or permanent scheduling pursuant to section 201 of the Controlled Substances Act, the Attorney General initiate the process to control the drug or other substance in accordance with such Act; or

“(B) has, following the publication by the Attorney General of a notice in the Federal Register of the intention to issue an order temporarily scheduling such drug or substance in schedule I of section 202 of the Controlled Substances Act pursuant to section 201(h) of such Act, made a determination that such article presents an imminent hazard to public safety; and

“(2) with respect to which the Attorney General has not—

“(A) scheduled the drug or other substance under such Act; or

“(B) notified the Secretary of Health and Human Services that the Attorney General has made a determination not to schedule the drug or other substance under such Act.”.

(a) Prohibited act.—Section 301(cc) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 331(cc)) is amended—

(1) by inserting after “an article of food” the following: “or a drug”; and

(2) by inserting after “a person debarred” the following: “from such activity”.

(b) Debarment.—Section 306(b) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 335a(b)) is amended—

(1) in paragraph (1)—

(A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking “paragraph (2)” and inserting “paragraph (2) or (3)”;

(B) in subparagraph (B), by striking “or” at the end;

(C) in subparagraph (C), by striking the period at the end and inserting “, or”; and

(D) by adding at the end the following:

“(D) a person from importing or offering to import into the United States—

“(i) a controlled substance as defined in section 102(6) of the Controlled Substances Act; or

“(ii) any drug, if such drug is declared to be valued at an amount that is $2,500 or less (or such higher amount as the Secretary of the Treasury may set by regulation pursuant to section 498(a)(1) of the Tariff Act of 1930), or if such drug is entering the United States by mail.”; and

(2) in paragraph (3)—

(A) in the paragraph heading after “food” by inserting “or drug”;

(B) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) and (B) as clauses (i) and (ii), respectively, and moving the indentation of each such clause two ems to the right;

(C) after making the amendments required by subparagraph (B), by striking “A person is subject” and inserting the following:

“(A) FOOD.—A person is subject”; and

(D) by adding at the end the following:

“(B) IMPORTATION OF DRUGS.—A person is subject to debarment under paragraph (1)(D) if—

“(i) the person has been convicted of a felony for conduct relating to the importation into the United States of any drug or controlled substance (as defined in section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act); or

“(ii) the person has engaged in a pattern of importing or offering for import articles of drug that are—

“(I) (aa) adulterated, misbranded, or in violation of section 505; and

“(bb) present a threat of serious adverse health consequences or death to humans or animals; or

“(II) controlled substances whose importation is prohibited pursuant to section 401(m) of the Tariff Act of 1930.

“(C) DEFINITION.—For purposes of subparagraph (B), the term ‘pattern of importing or offering for import articles of drug’ means importing or offering for import articles of drug described in subclause (I) or (II) of subparagraph (B)(ii) in an amount, frequency, or dosage that is inconsistent with personal or household use by the importer.”.