Union Calendar No. 452
117th CONGRESS 2d Session |
[Report No. 117–628, Part I]
To amend the Mineral Leasing Act to make certain adjustments in leasing on Federal lands for oil and gas drilling, and for other purposes.
March 2, 2021
Mr. Levin of California (for himself, Mr. Grijalva, Mr. Lowenthal, Mr. Nadler, Ms. Norton, Ms. Bonamici, Mr. García of Illinois, Ms. Lee of California, Ms. Porter, and Ms. Brownley) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Natural Resources, and in addition to the Committee on Agriculture, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned
December 14, 2022
Additional sponsors: Mr. Blumenauer, Mr. Welch, Mr. Cleaver, Ms. DeGette, Ms. McCollum, Mr. Cohen, and Mr. Soto
December 14, 2022
Reported from the Committee on Natural Resources with an amendment
[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic]
December 14, 2022
Committee on Agriculture discharged; committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed
[For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on March 2, 2021]
To amend the Mineral Leasing Act to make certain adjustments in leasing on Federal lands for oil and gas drilling, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
This Act may be cited as the “Restoring Community Input and Public Protections in Oil and Gas Leasing Act of 2021”.
(a) Onshore oil and gas leasing.—Section 17 of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 226(a)) is amended by striking the matter preceding “(a) All lands” and all that follows through the end of subsection (a) and inserting the following:
(b) Competitive bidding.—Section 17(b)(1) of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 226(b)(1)(A)) is amended by striking all that precedes “(A) All lands” and all that follows through the end of subparagraph (A) and inserting the following:
“(b) Bidding.—
“(1) IN GENERAL.—
“(A) COMPETITIVE BIDDING.—
“(i) IN GENERAL.—All lands to be leased under this section shall be leased as provided in this paragraph to the highest responsible qualified bidder by competitive bidding by sealed bid.
“(ii) GEOGRAPHIC LIMITATION.—The Secretary shall lease lands under this paragraph in units of not more than 2,560 acres, except in Alaska, where units shall be not more than 5,760 acres. Such units shall be as nearly compact as possible.
“(iii) FREQUENCY.—Lease sales under this section shall be held for each State in which there are lands eligible for leasing no more than 3 times each year and on a rotating basis such that the lands under the responsibility of any Bureau of Land Management field office are available for leasing no more than one time each year.
“(iv) ROYALTY.—A lease under this section shall be conditioned upon the payment of a royalty at a rate of not less than 18.75 percent in amount or value of the production removed or sold from the lease, except as otherwise provided in this Act.
“(v) ISSUANCE OF LEASE.—The Secretary may issue a lease under this section to the responsible qualified bidder with the highest bid that is equal to or greater than the national minimum acceptable bid. The Secretary shall decide whether to accept a bid and issue a lease within 90 days following payment by the successful bidder of the remainder of the bonus bid, if any, and annual rental for the first lease year.
(c) National minimum acceptable bid.—Subparagraph (B) of section 17(b)(1) of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 226(b)(1)), is amended to read as follows:
“(B) NATIONAL MINIMUM ACCEPTABLE BID.—
“(i) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in clause (ii), for purposes of subparagraph (A), the national minimum acceptable bid shall be $10 per acre. All bids under this section for less than the national minimum acceptable bid shall be rejected.
“(ii) RAISING THE NATIONAL MINIMUM ACCEPTABLE BID.—The Secretary may establish a higher national minimum acceptable bid—
“(I) beginning at the end of the 4-year period that begins on the date of enactment of the Restoring Community Input and Public Protection in Oil and Gas Leasing Act of 2021, and once every 4 years thereafter, to reflect the change in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics; and
“(iii) NOT A MAJOR FEDERAL ACTION.—The proposal or issuance of any regulation to establish a higher national minimum acceptable bid under clause (ii) shall not be considered a major Federal action that is subject to the requirements of section 102(2)(C) of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4332(2)(C)).”.
(d) Rentals.—Section 17(d) of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 226(d)) is amended to read as follows:
“(d) Annual rentals.—All leases issued under this section shall be conditioned upon the payment by the lessee of a rental of—
(e) Elimination of noncompetitive leasing.—The Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 181 et seq.) is amended—
(1) in section 17(b) (30 U.S.C. 226(b)), by striking paragraph (3);
(2) by amending section 17(c) (30 U.S.C. 226(c)) to read as follows:
(3) in section 17(e) (30 U.S.C. 226(e))—
(4) in section 31(d)(1) (30 U.S.C. 188(d)(1)) by striking “or section 17(c)”;
(5) in section 31(e) (30 U.S.C. 188(e))—
(6) by striking section 31(f) (30 U.S.C. 188(f)); and
(7) in section 31(g) (30 U.S.C. 188(g))—
(A) in paragraph (1) by striking “as a competitive” and all that follows through the period and inserting “in the same manner as the original lease issued pursuant to section 17.”;
(B) by striking paragraph (2) and redesignating paragraphs (3) and (4) as paragraphs (2) and (3), respectively; and
(C) in paragraph (2), as redesignated, by striking “, applicable to leases issued under subsection 17(c) of this Act (30 U.S.C. 226(c)) except,” and inserting “, except”.
(f) Lease term.—Section 17(e) of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 226(e)) is amended by striking “10 years:” and inserting “5 years.”.
(g) Other leasing requirements.—Section 17(g) of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 226(g)), as amended by section 8 of this Act, is further amended—
(2) by adding at the end the following:
“(2) LIMITATION.—The Secretary shall not issue a lease or approve the assignment of any lease to any person, or to any subsidiary or affiliate of such person or any other person controlled by or under common control with such person, unless such person has the demonstrated capability to explore and produce oil and gas under the lease.
“(3) PROTECTION OF LEASED LANDS FOR OTHER USES.—Each lease under this section shall include such terms as are necessary to preserve the United States flexibility to control or prohibit activities that pose serious and unacceptable impacts to the value of the leased lands for uses other than production of oil and gas.”.
SEC. 3. Transparency and landowner protections.
(a) Disclosure of identities filing disclosures of interest and bids.—Section 17(b) of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 226(b)), as amended by this Act, is further amended by adding at the end the following:
(b) Notice requirements.—Section 17(f) of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 226(f)) is amended by striking “(f) At least” and all that follows through “agencies.” and inserting the following:
“(f) Requirements prior to offering lands for lease.—
“(1) REQUIRED NOTICE.—At least 45 days before offering lands for lease under this section, and at least 30 days before approving applications for permits to drill under the provisions of a lease, modifying the terms of any lease issued under this section, or granting a waiver, exception, or modification of any stipulation of a lease issued under this section, the Secretary shall provide notice of the proposed action to—
(c) Surface owner protection.—Section 17 of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 226), is amended by adding at the end the following:
“(r) Post-Lease surface use agreement.—
“(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), the Secretary may not authorize any operator to conduct exploration and drilling operations on lands with respect to which title to oil and gas resources is held by the United States but title to the surface estate is not held by the United States, until the operator has filed with the Secretary a document, signed by the operator and the surface owner or owners, showing that the operator has secured a written surface use agreement between the operator and the surface owner or owners that meets the requirements of subparagraph (B).
“(2) CONTENTS.—The surface use agreement shall provide for—
“(A) the use of only such portion of the surface estate as is reasonably necessary for exploration and drilling operations based on site-specific conditions;
“(B) the accommodation of the surface estate owner to the maximum extent practicable, including the location, use, timing, and type of exploration and drilling operations, consistent with the operator’s right to develop the oil and gas estate;
“(C) the reclamation of the site to a condition capable of supporting the uses which such lands were capable of supporting prior to exploration and drilling operations; and
“(3) AUTHORIZED EXPLORATION AND DRILLING OPERATIONS.—
“(A) AUTHORIZATION WITHOUT SURFACE USE AGREEMENT.—The Secretary may authorize an operator to conduct exploration and drilling operations on lands covered by paragraph (1) in the absence of an agreement with the surface estate owner or owners, if—
“(i) the Secretary makes a determination in writing that the operator made a good faith attempt to conclude such an agreement, including referral of the matter to arbitration pursuant to paragraph (1)(C), but that no agreement was concluded within 90 days after the referral to arbitration;
“(ii) the operator submits a plan of operations that provides for the matters specified in paragraph (1)(B) and for compliance with all other applicable requirements of Federal and State law; and
“(iii) the operator posts a bond or other financial assurance in an amount the Secretary determines to be adequate to ensure compensation to the surface estate owner for any damages to the site, in the form of a surety bond, trust fund, letter of credit, government security, certificate of deposit, cash, or equivalent.
“(B) SURFACE OWNER PARTICIPATION.—The Secretary shall provide surface estate owners with an opportunity to—
“(C) PAYMENT OF FINANCIAL GUARANTEE.—A surface estate owner with respect to any land subject to a lease may petition the Secretary for payment of all or any portion of a bond or other financial assurance required under this section as compensation for any damages as a result of exploration and drilling operations. Pursuant to such a petition, the Secretary may use such bond or other guarantee to provide compensation to the surface estate owner for such damages.
“(D) BOND RELEASE.—Upon request and after inspection and opportunity for surface estate owner review, the Secretary may release the financial assurance required under this section if the Secretary determines that exploration and drilling operations are ended and all damages have been fully compensated.
“(4) SURFACE OWNER NOTIFICATION.—The Secretary shall notify surface estate owners in writing—
(a) Energy policy Act of 2005.—Section 363(b)(3)(C) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15922(b)(3)(C)) is amended to read as follows:
(b) Revision of existing memorandum.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Agriculture shall revise the memorandum of understanding under section 363(b)(3)(C) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15922) in accordance with the amendment made by subsection (a).
Section 17(a) of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 226(a)), as amended by section 2 of this Act, is further amended by adding at the end the following:
Section 27(d)(1) of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 184(d)(1)) is amended by striking “, and acreage under any lease any portion of which has been committed to a federally approved unit or cooperative plan or communitization agreement or for which royalty (including compensatory royalty or royalty in-kind) was paid in the preceding calendar year,”.
Section 17(g) of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 226(g)), as amended by section 2(g) of this Act, is further amended by adding at the end the following:
“(4) MULTIPLE-USE MANAGEMENT.—The Secretary, and for National Forest lands, the Secretary of Agriculture, shall manage lands that are subject to an oil and gas lease under this Act in accordance with the principles, policies, and requirements relating to multiple use under the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), until the beginning of operations on such lease.”.
SEC. 8. Transparency in management of leases.
Section 17(a) of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 226(a)), as amended by sections 2 and 5 of this Act, is further amended by adding at the end the following:
SEC. 9. Lease cancellation for improper issuance.
Section 31(b) of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 188(b)) is amended by inserting “if the lease was improperly issued or” after “30 days notice”.
SEC. 10. Fees for Expressions of Interest.
(a) In general.—The Secretary shall charge any person who submits an expression of interest, as that term is defined by the Secretary, a fee, in an amount determined by the Secretary under paragraph (2).
(b) Amount.—The fee authorized under paragraph (1) shall be established by the Secretary in an amount that is determined by the Secretary to be appropriate to cover the aggregate cost of processing an expression of interest under this section, but not less than $15 per acre of the area covered by the applicable expression of interest.
SEC. 11. Protection of water resources.
(a) Mineral leasing act requirements.—Section 17 of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 226) is amended—
(1) in subsection (g) by striking “lands or surface waters adversely” and inserting “surface or ground waters or lands adversely”;
(3) by inserting after subsection (o) the following:
“(p) Water requirements.—
“(1) An operator producing oil or gas (including coalbed methane) under a lease issued under this Act shall—
“(A) replace the water supply of a water user who obtains all or part of such user’s supply of water from an underground or surface source that has been affected by contamination, diminution, or interruption proximately resulting from drilling, fracking, or production operations for such production;
“(B) ensure that if a surface or ground water source is affected by contamination, diminution, or interruption proximately resulting from such production, best management practices and appropriately available technologies are used to prevent, to the maximum extent possible, the long-term or permanent degradation of the surface or ground water source; and
“(2) An application for a permit to drill under a lease under this Act shall be accompanied by a proposed water management plan including provisions to—
“(A) protect the quantity and quality of surface and ground water systems, both on-site and off-site, from adverse effects of the exploration, development, and reclamation processes or to provide alternative sources of water if such protection cannot be assured;
SEC. 12. Fracking regulation on Federal lands.
(a) In general.—Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Bureau of Land Management, shall issue regulations governing the use of hydraulic fracturing under oil and gas leases for Federal lands.
(b) Included provisions.—The regulations under this section shall require—
(c) Interim Application of prior rule.—The final rule entitled “Oil and Gas; Hydraulic Fracturing on Federal and Indian Lands”, as published in the Federal Register March 26, 2015 (80 Fed. Reg. 16128), and corrected by the rule published on March 30, 2015 (80 Fed. Reg. 16577), shall apply until the effective date of a final rule under subsection (a).
SEC. 13. Environmental analysis.
Any environmental analysis pursuant to the National Environmental Policy Act (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) required under this Act shall include the estimated total cost of preparing the environmental analysis, including full-time equivalent personnel hours, contractor costs, and other direct costs.
SEC. 14. Taxpayer funding stewardship.
In an effort to be good stewards of taxpayer dollars and conscientious of the demands placed upon public servants, no provisions contained within this Act shall require a duplication of analysis by any government agency, individual, or contractor, at any level including federal, state, local, or tribal and, if so determined, such provision shall be considered non-binding.
Union Calendar No. 452 | |||||
| |||||
[Report No. 117–628, Part I] | |||||
A BILL | |||||
To amend the Mineral Leasing Act to make certain adjustments in leasing on Federal lands for oil and gas drilling, and for other purposes. | |||||
December 14, 2022 | |||||
Reported from the Committee on Natural Resources with an amendment | |||||
December 14, 2022 | |||||
Committee on Agriculture discharged; committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed |