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House Bill 151
119th Congress(2025-2026)
Equal Representation Act of 2025
Introduced
Introduced
Introduced in House on Jan 3, 2025
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H. R. 151 (Reported-in-House)

Union Calendar No. 536

119th CONGRESS
2d Session
H. R. 151

[Report No. 119–619]


To require a citizenship question on the decennial census, to require reporting on certain census statistics, and to modify apportionment of Representatives to be based on United States citizens instead of all persons.

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

January 3, 2025

Mr. Edwards (for himself, Mr. Davidson, Mr. Bean of Florida, Mr. Rouzer, Mr. Nehls, Mr. Collins, Mrs. Cammack, Ms. Hageman, Mr. Fleischmann, Mr. Higgins of Louisiana, Mr. Bost, Mr. Palmer, Mrs. Houchin, Mr. Guest, Mr. Miller of Ohio, Mr. Fitzgerald, and Mr. Moore of Alabama) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform

April 21, 2026

Additional sponsors: Mr. Rose, Mr. Smith of Nebraska, Mrs. Hinson, Mr. Knott, Mr. Downing, Mr. Smith of New Jersey, Mr. Crenshaw, Mrs. Fedorchak, Mr. Issa, Mrs. Miller of Illinois, Mr. Wilson of South Carolina, Mrs. Harshbarger, Mr. Alford, Mr. Allen, Mr. Brecheen, Mr. LaMalfa, Mr. Grothman, Mr. Tiffany, Mr. Estes, Mr. Stutzman, Mr. Messmer, Mr. Fry, Mr. Cline, Mr. Scott Franklin of Florida, Mr. Norman, Mr. Ezell, Mr. Harris of North Carolina, Mr. Fallon, Mr. Dunn of Florida, Mr. Babin, Mr. Weber of Texas, Mr. Cole, Ms. Tenney, Mr. Baumgartner, Mrs. Biggs of South Carolina, Mr. Gill of Texas, Mr. Mills, Ms. Lee of Florida, Mr. Begich, Ms. Van Duyne, Mr. McClintock, Mr. Taylor, Mr. Langworthy, Mr. McCormick, Mr. Finstad, Mr. Mann, Mr. Wied, Mr. Self, Ms. Mace, and Mr. Donalds

April 21, 2026

Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be printed

[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic]

[For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on January 3, 2025]

A BILL

To require a citizenship question on the decennial census, to require reporting on certain census statistics, and to modify apportionment of Representatives to be based on United States citizens instead of all persons.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. Short title.

This Act may be cited as the “Equal Representation Act of 2025”.

SEC. 2. Citizenship status on decennial census.

Section 141 of title 13, United States Code, is amended—

(1) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and

(2) by inserting after subsection (f) the following:

“(g) (1) In conducting the 2030 decennial census and each decennial census thereafter, the Secretary shall include in any questionnaire distributed or otherwise used for the purpose of determining the total population by States a checkbox or other similar option for the respondent to indicate, for the respondent and for each of the members of the household of the respondent, whether that individual is a citizen of the United States.

“(2) Not later than 120 days after completion of a decennial census of the population under subsection (a), the Secretary shall make publicly available the number of individuals per State, disaggregated by citizens of the United States and noncitizens, as tabulated in accordance with this section.”.

SEC. 3. Exclusion of noncitizens from number of persons used to determine apportionment of representatives and number of electoral votes.

(a) Exclusion.—Section 22(a) of the Act entitled “An Act to provide for the fifteenth and subsequent decennial censuses and to provide for apportionment of Representatives in Congress”, approved June 18, 1929 (2 U.S.C. 2a(a)), is amended by inserting after “not taxed” the following: “and individuals who are not citizens of the United States”.

(b) Effective date.—The amendment made by subsection (a) shall apply with respect to the apportionment of Representatives carried out pursuant to the decennial census conducted during 2030 and any succeeding decennial census.

SEC. 4. Severability clause.

If any provision of this Act or amendment made by this Act, or the application thereof to any person or circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of the provisions of this Act and amendments made by this Act, and the application of the provision or amendment to any other person or circumstance, shall not be affected.

Union Calendar No. 536

119th CONGRESS
     2d Session
H. R. 151
[Report No. 119–619]
A BILL
To require a citizenship question on the decennial census, to require reporting on certain census statistics, and to modify apportionment of Representatives to be based on United States citizens instead of all persons.
April 21, 2026
Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be printed