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Senate Bill 5171
119th Congress(2025-2026)
Children's Artificial Intelligence Toy Safety Act of 2026
Introduced
Introduced
Introduced in Senate on Jul 29, 2026
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Introduced in Senate 
Jul 29, 2026
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Introduced in Senate(Jul 29, 2026)
Jul 29, 2026
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S. 5171 (Introduced-in-Senate)


119th CONGRESS
2d Session
S. 5171


To require a study of AI-enabled toys and development of a joint action plan regarding the marketing and sale of AI-enabled toys.

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

July 29, 2026

Ms. Duckworth (for herself and Ms. Murkowski) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation

A BILL

To require a study of AI-enabled toys and development of a joint action plan regarding the marketing and sale of AI-enabled toys.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. Short title.

This Act may be cited as the “Children's Artificial Intelligence Toy Safety Act of 2026”.

SEC. 2. Definitions.

In this Act:

(1) AI-ENABLED TOY.—The term “AI-enabled toy” means any toy equipped with artificial intelligence designed to engage in two-way interaction with a user.

(2) ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.—The term “artificial intelligence” has the meaning given such term in section 5002 of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 (15 U.S.C. 9401).

(3) ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CHATBOT.—The term “artificial intelligence chatbot” means artificial intelligence that, in an open-ended natural-language or multimodal manner—

(A) accepts user input;

(B) engages in interactive conversations with a user; and

(C) provides outputs that are not—

(i) pre-determined or scripted; or

(ii) limited to contextualized replies or to a narrow, specified purpose, such as—

(I) customer service;

(II) any operational purpose of a business;

(III) productivity and analysis related to source information;

(IV) internal research; or

(V) technical assistance.

(4) CHILD.—The term “child” means an individual under 14 years of age.

(5) DEVELOPER.—The term “developer” means any person who designs, creates, programs, maintains, or assumes responsibility for artificial intelligence intended for use by consumers.

(6) MANUFACTURER.—The term “manufacturer” has the meaning given such term in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052).

(7) TOY.—The term “toy” has the meaning given the term “children's toy” in section 108(g)(1) of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (15 U.S.C. 2057c(g)(1)).

SEC. 3. Study.

The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine shall conduct a study regarding AI-enabled toys that assesses—

(1) the risk of injury (including physical, mental, emotional, and social injury) to children in different stages of development from AI-enabled toys and artificial intelligence chatbots;

(2) educational outcomes resulting from using AI-enabled toys outside of an educational setting;

(3) the adoption and utilization of parental controls on AI-enabled toys by consumers;

(4) the legal and ethical boundaries of marketing artificial intelligence chatbots and AI-enabled toys to children;

(5) whether any evidence relating to the potential risks to children posed by AI-enabled toys warrants temporarily suspending the marketing and sale of such toys to children;

(6) actions that Congress, Federal agencies, developers, and manufacturers can take to protect children from any risks and harms associated with AI-enabled toys; and

(7) any other issue regarding AI-enabled toys the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine determines to be appropriate.

SEC. 4. Joint action plan.

Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Federal Trade Commission and the Consumer Product Safety Commission shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate, the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Education and Workforce of the House of Representatives a joint action plan to improve the safety of AI-enabled toys, which shall contain—

(1) recommendations regarding—

(A) legislation or administrative action;

(B) any requirements for disclosing to consumers when artificial intelligence has been integrated into a toy; and

(C) regulations regarding voluntary or enforceable marketing standards, voluntary or enforceable safety guidelines, periodic independent review of AI-enabled toys, or permanent or temporary prohibitions on the sale of AI-enabled toys for the purpose of protecting public health or safety; and

(2) a description of any consumer and public education initiatives regarding AI-enabled toys that the Federal Trade Commission and Consumer Product Safety Commission plan to undertake.